Singapore Road Traffic Control essays

Singapore Road Traffic Control articles SINGAPORES ROAD TRAFFIC CONTROL As vehicle numbers develop, urban areas around the globe face genuine street traffic clog issues. On some significant streets can be terrible to such an extent that rates are 10 km/h or lower, more slow than a bike. The expenses incorporate lost work and recreation time, expanded fuel utilization, air contamination, medical issues, stress, and uneasiness. Besides, clog eases back the development of merchandise and ventures, adding to the cost of items and lessening the seriousness of business. This exposition will look at three of the strategies actualized by the legislature to control street traffic in Singapore. One clear approach to debilitate private vehicle use in Singapore is to give a productive and helpful open vehicle framework. Singapore contributed, in the previous decade, S$ 7.5 billion in its transportation area, of which S$ 5.2 billion was on the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), rail and open vehicle, and S$ 2.3 billion was on streets. The broad MRT organize urges suburbanites to use the rail as opposed to private vehicles. The system is spread over the island covering key voting demographics and territories of intrigue. The current development of North-East MRT Line will connect the World Trade Center with the new lodging bequests of Sengkang and Punggol. Likewise, Singapore means to have 75 percent of all outings made by open vehicle (50 percent now). Consequently, transport tolls have been kept sensible. The broad setting up of feeder administrations helps the general population in taking them from a MRT station to their goal. One would now be able to travel inexpensively as well as in comfort as well. Another of the arrangements that enables the legislature in controlling street to traffic in Singapore, is the Electronic Road Pricing (ERP). Under this framework, when a vehicle approaches ERP gantries, charges are deducted consequently from put away worth cards that are opened into an in-vehicle unit. Being clever and more use-accommodating, the ERP syste... <!

Similarites And Difference Of Hinduism And Buddhism Essay Example For Students

Similarites And Difference Of Hinduism And Buddhism Essay Presentation Hinduism and Buddhism are two of the five significant religions in our worldtoday. They are broadly polished, and have made due for a considerable length of time. Both havesimilarities and contrasts, as do all types of religion. Ideally, in thispaper I will show you the fundamental structure of every religion. I would likewise like toshow how they investigate. Hinduism: FoundationNo one is totally certain about where Hinduism was begun and by whom. Their most seasoned composed reports, the Vedas, were recorded in 1000 B.C. butthey had existed orally some time before. The Vedas are the place Hinduism began. Today, Hinduism is the universes third biggest religion. Numerous progressions have comeupon Hinduism since they rehearsed it first. Hinduism incorporates numerous differentsects, or categories, and convictions that have emerged. However, there are manythings just the same as the entirety of the Hindu factions. Their fundamental convictions are what tiesthem together. Essential Beliefs-The religion of Hinduism instructs us that each living body, includinganimals, is loaded up with an everlasting soul. Hindus state that the individual soul wasa part of the maker soul, Brahma. It is every spirit employment and wish eventuallyto come back to Brahma. It is beyond the realm of imagination however on the grounds that by a spirits sins, andimpurities from the world, they are not, at this point unadulterated and heavenly to return. Instead,a soul must get unadulterated before coming back to Brahma, who is completely unadulterated. The way toward turning out to be unadulterated is difficult to such an extent that no spirit can become unadulterated inonly one lifetime. The spirit is compelled to live after life until it is pureenough to come back to Brahma. The patterns of resurrections are called samsara, or theWheel of Life, by the Hindus. At the point when a spirit is at last purified enough to breakfree of samsara it is called moksha. The spirit comes back to Brahma for an eternityof satisfaction and euphoria. There is nobody joining statement of faith in Hinduism. A supporter may chooseany god as their own god, or may adore a few of them. Despite the fact that to be aHindu there are sure things that an adherent must trust in and live by. Their primary convictions are:1. A faith in karma, the consequence of ones great and awful deeds in a lifetime. 2. A faith in dharma, Hindu conventions. 3. A faith in the three fundamental divine beings: Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. 4. A faith in rebirth in the afterlife. 5. Respect for the sacrosanct Vedas. 6. A conviction that, whenever carried on with a strict life, the Wheel of Life can end and accomplish moksha. 7. A respect for a plain strict life, to be a universal Hindu. Hindus revere numerous divine beings, however they are genuinely monotheistic by believingin a solitary god. The explanation for this is everything originates from Brahman. It doesn't make a difference who the love is for in light of the fact that it is eventually Brahman. Brahman doesn't remunerate or rebuff those for their deeds throughout everyday life. Each soulcreates their own prizes and disciplines through karma. Karma rules what eachsoul will be in its next life, and it is framed from a spirits decent and terrible deedsin every life. On the off chance that a spirit has had more great deeds than awful deeds, at that point they havegood karma. Or then again the other way around in the event that they have had more awful deeds than great. Dharma is a definitive commendable equalization of everything living. Itbelongs to everything, including the universe. Each spirit is capable forbalancing their dharma. The zones to adjust in dharma are strict, social,and inside the family. They should keep guarantees, and stay dedicated to religiousrituals, while likewise dealing with their family. In the event that a spirit loses this balance,then it will influence their karma. Dharma has been called custom, obligation, and acustom, yet to a Hindu it is profoundly more than that. Hindus likewise follow acaste framework, came about because of dharma, which I will talk about later. Divine beings There are three principle divine beings in Hinduism. Numerous others exist in the religion,but these are the most critical. Brahma is the maker of life. Vishnu isknown as the preserver of life. You may appeal to Vishnu in the event that somebody you knew wasgoing in for medical procedure so that theyll come through it without any issues. Finally,Siva, or Shiva is the destroyer of life. Every one of the three of these divine beings are portrayedas female and male. Vishnu is all the more regularly a male, and Shiva is all the more frequently afemale. The Caste System-The general public of Hinduism is carefully separated. The distinctive levels,called positions, don't blend. The division is generally because of the practices ofdharma and karma. The two practices express the possibility that on the off chance that somebody is naturally introduced to aspecific way of life, they should remain there. It would be awful karma to endeavor toleave that way of life. Sustainable power source EssayThe two religions of Hinduism and Buddhism have faith in the process ofreincarnation. Rebirth is being reawakened again with one soul. Inside thisbelief, they likewise accept that your deeds, or exercises, during your life willdetermine where you will wind up. On the off chance that you have carried on with a decent life, you will berewarded by another great life, or you may be permitted at last to rejoin withBrahma. In the event that youve had a terrible existence, you will stay on earth longer, and mostlikely have an awful life when you are reawakened. Another closeness is that both Hinduism and Buddhism are benevolent toanimals. They accept each living animal has a spirit, and throughreincarnation, you may one day end up as one. Most Hindus and Buddhists thatstrictly follow the religion are veggie lovers of some sort. Itsimpossible to tell whether that cheeseburger you ate at Burger King was arelative of yours. Eating them would bring you awful karma, and break one of theEightfold Paths. Differentiations Between Hinduism and Buddhism-In the religion of Hinduism there are positions, or social classes. Theydecide what your way of life will resemble in that lifetime. On the off chance that you are conceived aslave, you should remain a slave as long as you can remember. Or then again, on the off chance that you are brought into the world a rich house lady, that is the thing that you should be an incredible entirety. To the Hindus, it is a sinto attempt to change what rank you have a place with. Just as to connect with a personfrom a rank that is lower than yours. Then again, the lessons of the Buddha got rid of the castesystem. An individual is permitted to change their social class. They can go from aslave to a head or a president, if that is their purpose in life. In the event that they follow theEightfold Path, at that point this is reasonable. It is a respect to be a priest or a nun,for they are the ones who can accomplish nirvana. Buddhists additionally will blend withthose of less significance then themselves. Hinduism encourages that you should experience samsara so as to finallyreach moksha. They don't accept that a spirit can absolutely purify itself of allimpurities in only one life. It is a continuous procedure including dharma, balancingones life, and karma, gauging an amazing deeds. In the mean time, the Buddha again proceeded to carry question to samsara. Hefound that it is conceivable to wash down oneself in one lifetime and return toBrahma. He called it nirvana. So as to accomplish nirvana, a Buddhist mustfollow and acknowledge The Four Noble Truths, and the Eightfold Path. The EightfoldPath fills in as an instructional guide as how to keep yourself on the privilege pathto nirvana. Hinduism and Buddhism likewise have a few littler contrasts. The zone ofgreatest focus for Hinduism is India. India is the place Buddhism originated,but Hinduism in the end was an all the more engaging religion and it vanished. Buddhismis discovered for the most part in East Asia, inside China and Mongolia. These territories preferhaving many, numerous little divine beings, rather than the Hindus just having three majorones and afterward littler, less significant divine beings. Buddhism was established by SuddarthaGautama, or the Buddha. Hinduism was begun continuously; nobody knows for surewho established it; no doubt, it was numerous individuals. Both practice contemplation, butthey practice it in various structures. A Hindu will ruminate getting inward peacethrough the charkras of the body. When the entirety of the focuses, charkras, have beenbalanced, a white light is supposed to be over the people head, and they areenlightened. Buddhists ponder comparability, however have variou s varieties of howit is preformed. Their primary objective is to end languishing. End The two religions of Buddhism and Hinduism are similar, but then verydifferent. To acknowledge their perspective, one must set aside their religion ifthey arent Hindu or a Buddhist. They take a stab at an internal harmony, lastly toreach paradise through either moksha or nirvana. I being a Christian, have foundin a few different ways it difficult to comprehend the procedure of resurrection, and Brahma. However, I can perceive how that for individuals of another culture, these religions arevery steady, and relieving. Culture has a major impact in deciding yourbeliefs. Clearly, they are extremely profound pull for getting by for longer thanChristianitys been near. Through this paper, I took in a great deal about acceptingdifferent convictions, and increased a feeling of what it truly intends to be a Hindu or aBuddhist. I appreciate their solid confidence and their longing to become unadulterated andunblemished. Hinduism and Buddhism are two significant religions, solidly planted intheir societies, and I am certain that they will stay for quite a while to come. Classification: Religion

Mistakes to Avoid When Writing Fictional Dialogue

Mistakes to Avoid When Writing Fictional Dialogue In this episode, we talk about some of the basics of writing great dialogue in fiction â€" and specifically, some of the common mistakes you should avoid before you submit your manuscript to a publisher or agent for review.Great dialogue does several things:It makes a book hard to put down.It draws readers into the story.It suspends the readers disbelief.It gives the reader a sense of being there.Here are the mistakes we cover in this episode:Mistake 1: AdverbsIn general, the more adverbs surrounding the verb â€" whether that verb is asked, said, thought, or something similar â€" the less writing experience the author probably has.Mistake 2: Allowing Your Characters to Be Talking HeadsMake sure that your characters dialogue is occurring in a setting that gives the reader some context as to what is happening around the characters as they are speaking.Mistake 3: Writing out the Entire ConversationYou can start the conversation anywhere you feel is necessary and end it the same way, wit h the right set-up in the words surrounding your dialogue.

The Best Essay Writers

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Life Of Corruption Of Law Enforcement - 916 Words

Gratuity leads to a life of Corruption in Law Enforcement Gratuity can be defined as any discount, gift or benefit one receives by virtue of their profession. In policing that could come in the form of free coffee, food, services or cash. Police accepting gratuities can lead them down what is called a slippery slope into a life of corruption. An example would be that an officer will start with accepting free coffee and next the officer begins feeling entitled to other things that one can get from the person offering the free gift, so the officer starts asking for other things like a deep discount on his food plate. This then turns into the gratuity giver providing more favors but has decided that the officer needs to provide something in return for them something like increased patrol during closing or provide security to the bank for a business owner. Making these types of agreements of what is called â€Å"you scratch mine I will scratch yours back† is not considered ethical behavior because those type of services that the owner is asking for can be provided upon agreement from the officer’s superior and police officers gets paid enough money to be able to pay for all that they eat and drink throughout each day, so none of these behaviors are necessary they are just actions will eventually lead to corruption. Literature Review A statement made by Howard Cohen and Michael Feldberg, â€Å"What makes a gift a gratuity is the reason it is given but what makes a gratuityShow MoreRelatedPolice Subculture And Corruption Within Law Enforcement951 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract This paper will be discussing police corruption, what it means and reasons it happens. Also exploring the police subculture, what it means, why it exists and if it contributes to corruption by law enforcement. Police subculture and corruption defined. A subculture is a group of people that generally share attitudes, views, rules, principles, beliefs, ways of living, and behaviors that differs in one or more ways from the culture. Law enforcement has a very distinct police subculture thatRead MorePolice Corruption Has Become A Major Problem1473 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout history, police corruption has become a major problem in the United States. It is defined as a form of police misconduct that involves the act of either a single officer, or a group of officers who abuse their powers to achieve personal or departmental gains. From as early as the nineteenth century, corruption has not only affected law enforcement agencies, but also our continuously changing society. Even though police officers are predominantly seen as honest and professional, the fewRead MoreEssay about The Problem of Police Corruption1190 Words   |  5 PagesPolice corruption is legally, morally, and ethically wrong. The art of corruption has existed fro m the beginning of policing to the present day. Investigations have uncovered several acts of dishonesty and crime ranging from petty theft to murder. To help combat corruption the government creates commissions such as the Knapp and Wickersham Commission to investigate allegations of corruption. If acts of corruption are found and substantiated the commission takes criminal action against the law enforcementRead MorePolitical Corruption Essay1401 Words   |  6 PagesPolitical corruption has existed throughout the ages. It believed to be most prominent in positions of power, because of the role money plays in getting people power. However, over the centuries, corruption has changed so much so as to not match a particular definition of corruption, perpetually growing deceptively harder to find (Ebbe). The broadest, most suitable definition which exists today simply states that corruption is any illegal act performed by a politician to produce results whichRead MoreThe Issue Of Law Enforcement1429 Words   |  6 PagesMany citizens look for law enforcement for service and protection, some don’t even think about the problems they face day to day. Every day hundreds of people working in Law enforcement put their lives on the line while on the job. They face challenging problems each day such as rising crime, law enforcement corruption, stress, health problems and being portrayed in a negative way on Social media. It’s not easy doing their job but they do it to the best of their ability despite having diffluent obstaclesRead MoreEffect Of Noble Cause Corruption Essay1159 Words   |  5 PagesImpact of Noble-Cause Corruption Ethical decision making will have the propensity to suffer with positive results garnered by acts of noble cause corruption. Getting a sense of accomplishment through corrupt means will make an individual more likely to take shortcuts during future events. Law enforcement professionals will be more likely to go to greater extents to get the bad guy off the street. This can be dangerous to all individuals involved. It can leave the officer open to administrativeRead MoreEssay on Ethics in Policing824 Words   |  4 Pageswhether they are municipal, state, county, or federal police. Police officers not only have to enforce the laws of the jurisdiction where they work, but also the US Constitution, which is the basis of all law. Police officers not only have to â€Å"keep it clean† on the job, but in their personal lives as well. The police have a code of conduct, which works in conjunction with the law enforcement code of ethics. While the wording of the police code of conduct may vary by jurisdiction, the end resultRead MoreThe Positive Relationship Between Public Officials and Corruption 1384 Words   |  6 PagesIn present time, part of our society is dependent on the law enforcement, which are supposed to keep our community and environment safe and out of trouble. Police officers are part of a branch in law enforcement that helps contribute in the enforcement of certain restrictions and rules to the society in transforming and keeping it a healthy environment. Law officials have been in existence for the majority of the time, but have now been bribed into letting particular situations slide by. It hasRead MorePolice Corruption968 Words   |  4 Pages(12) election law violations; (13) corruption of public officials; (14) copyright violations; (15) computer crimes; (16) environmental crimes; and (17) receiving stolen property This assignment requires us to write a paper on a form of white-collar crime that we feel is the must dangerous form and why. I feel the most dangerous form of white-collar crime is police corruption, which is also defined as public corruption. Public or police corruption is defined as; Public corruption involves a breachRead MoreKohlberg s Theory Of Moral Development1450 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopment which is learned during life growing up ( www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ).† How the three levels of Kohlberg s theory would be address within my department. Level 1- Pre- Conventional, as the chief of police my officers would have to accept and believe in my rules as there authority figure. They will have consequences for their actions. If they morally do wrong and disobey the orders and rules I have set before them. Level 2- Conventional, as law enforcement officers they are to continue to accept

Arnolfini Wedding Portrai Free Essays

In 1434, Flemish artist Jan van Eyck painted, signed, and dated his piece, the â€Å"Arnolfini Wedding Portrait. † This painting is believed to be of Giovanni di Arrigo Arnolflnl, an Italian merchant, and his wife Giovanna Cenaml and Is thought to stand as documentation of their marriage. While It may seem Ilke a simple dual-portrait, there are many subtle symbols Incorporated In the scene that enhance the portrayal of this couple. We will write a custom essay sample on Arnolfini Wedding Portrai or any similar topic only for you Order Now use of symbolism within the painting explains Its purpose, shows what this Renaissance couple values, displays social norms of the era, and relates to universal ymbols and basic human nature. The artwork hints towards its purpose through intricate symbolic meaning to be found within the details of the scene. A quite plausible interpretation of the painting is that it is an image of a wedding ceremony and it serves as verification of said marriage. In fifteenth century Flanders, marriages could easily have taken place in private locations, instead of in a church with an elaborate ceremony, and van Eycks signature on the painting is more than his name, it reads â€Å"Jan van Eyck was present† with the date of the painting, which indicates he ook the extra step to ensure that his presence was known. The eloquent handwriting of the signature, usually seen on formal documents, In addltlon to the fact that there Is an unnamed man accompanying van Eyck In the mirror’s reflection whom Is likely the other, more official witness to this marriage which further proves this interpretation. Secondly, in the bottom left corner is a pair of shoes that have been slipped off, probably out of respect for being in a holy place or in the presence of a holy event, such as a wedding ceremony. Furthermore, the companion dog was not n there by accident, but instead represents faithfulness, fidelity, and love which are 3 immensely important qualities of a successful marriage. Lastly, on the intricate chandelier there burns only one solitary candle. A single flame burning in bright daylight symbolizes a bridal or possibly a devotional candle, a part of marriage ceremonies. The artist used symbols in the painting to subtly explain the purpose of the portrait, Just as other parts of this piece of artwork reflect the general era of the Renaissance. The style of the art and the way this painting was created embodies arts of the artlstlc Renaissance In Europe. Renaissance usually refers to the renewed interest in the classical arts and culture that sprouted from Italy. However, the Northern Renaissance (which van Eyck was a part of) was characterized by people’s interest in observing the nature of our world and humans fit within that world. Northern artists had more focus on detail and this is very evident in van Eyck’s painting. There is intense detail in this picture, from the scruff of the dog’s fur to the flame of the candle. Another characteristic of the Northern Renaissance art was that there was emphasis on religious intensity. Within this painting, there are several religious symbols such as; the removed shoes (representing sanctity), the crystal prayer beads on the wall, and the Image of Saint Margaret (protector of women In childbirth) carved Into a high back chair near the bedside. These things skillfully represent the piety of the couple and Incorporate religious undertones Into a simple portrait. This portrait also contains details that allude to the fifteenth century ideas concerning marriage. Just the placement of the two figures within the room says sometnlng aoout tne value 0T gender roles aurlng tnls era. I ne woman, positioned slightly further into the room, towards the bed, symbolizes her role as a caretaker of the household. Ideas of women’s rights during the this time were that the wives should support their husbands, while still living domestic, demure, stay-at- home lives. With the placement of Giovanni near an open window, the painting represents how a man’s duties are outside the home, working and living with more freedom than women were allowed. Even their hand position gives information on their relationship. His hand being raised vertically represents a commanding position f authority, whilst she has her hand in a lower, horizontal pose which shows her as more submissive. However, the wife looks directly towards her husband, rather than down at the floor as lower class women would have. In the court life system that they are a part of, she is his equal, not his subordinate, and she displays it with her confident gaze. The man looks directly out at the viewer, stoic and calm, displaying his control. As a wealthy merchant, Arnolflni had the ability to have symbols of his wealth placed within the portrait; this allows people to understand the attitude of the ealthy and the part of the economic state during the Renaissance. Placed under the window is an orange which, without context, could mean nothing at all. However, fruit was expensive at this time and oranges were especially uncommon in the Netherlands, the setting of this portrait. The orange was likely placed there to be a symbol of this couple’s wealth. Furthermore, the small dog, while also representing loyalty and faithfulness, is also an extremely rare breed of dog. It must have cost a fair amount for them to purchase that dog and placing it in their painting is practically showing it off. In addition, both people are dressed lavishly, even though the painting was done during the summer time, as indicated by cherry fruit on the tree outside. Despite the season both of their outer garments, Giovanni’s thick tabard and his wife’s a long flowing dress, are trimmed and fully lined with expensive furs. Having commissioned art in general displays a great amount of wealth. Here, they have taken things a step further by donning their most regal outfits and placing other symbols of their wealth and status within their portrait to enhance it further. The attitude of this merchant is really to display as much of his money as he possibly ould because your economic security at this time affected your social standing. The idea that money is a sense of power, and that displaying your wealth is important to your social standing is still present in modern society. The size of your house, what car you drive, what clothes you wear, what devices you own are the things people will base your social status upon. A celebrity with millions of dollars and a beautiful mansion can be Just as idolized as a strong political leader or national hero and people with spend their money however they need to in order to gain social standing. Another ideology is the social norm of growing up, getting married, and starting a family. Symbols within the painting representing loyalty, faithfulness, and most of all hope for fertility, show the couple’s intent on staying together and having children. Most children grow up to believe that the socially acceptable thing to do is find someone you love and start a family. Even though it is perfectly accepted in todays society for a woman to remained unmarried, it is almost expected for people to want to have a family. One could argue that it is human nature for people to want to be married. Instinctively, humans’ main goal is to survive and thrive, and in order for tnat to nappen It Is Key tnat people reproduce. It Is commonly Dellevea you snou10 D married before you have children so, logically; it is a part of human nature to want to have a successful marriage and for the woman to be fertile. The â€Å"Arnolflni Wedding Portrait† is a complicated and insightful piece of artwork that allows for people to observe details of the Renaissance era as well as discover parallels between that time and ours. Jan van Eyck effectively uses symbolism to tell a story about the couple without a single word. How to cite Arnolfini Wedding Portrai, Papers

Law and Compliance in Australia

Questions: 1. What is compliance? Complete a research essay setting out the key areas of law and compliance in Australia. 2. Discuss the different areas of law. Answers: (1). Thus, the manager is liable under section 18 of the Australian Consumer law and section 54 of the Australian Consumer law which talks about misleading and deceptive conduct and guarantee to be in acceptable condition respectively (Latimer 2012). However, in the said case, the advertisement by Manny and Bella in which they changed the name of the oven they ordered was also misleading and deceptive and could attract the section 18 of the Australian Consumer laws. Compliance is a vital part of conducting and managing a successful business in any country in the world. Compliance in relation to the business world is a term which refers to confirmation that a manufacturer, supplier or an individual in charge of a business or a company fulfills and meets all the requirements which are wither established legislation, common business usages and practices , specified standards, rules and regulations set by the government or terms of a contract (Vom Brocke and Rosemann 2010). Thus, in the present time, with the always increasing rules and legislations, compliance is become an important aspect which requires regular check irrespective the type of business one is running. The basic purpose of introduction compliance in the business world was to make the corporate and business houses act responsibly. Thus, what compliance demands is that an individual who operates and manages a business initially identifies all the state and national laws that apply to his business along with identification of all the risks and legal issues which can be attached to the said business one is operating. Therefore, after all the said aspects are identifies one can plan for a compliance program or a strategy which is most suitable for the particular business however, the said policy requires regular checks and efficient trained employees who are well aware of the compliance regulations (El Kharbili 2012). Thus, having an intact compliance policy has many benefits to a business which include building a good reputation for the business and increase in its productivity. However, the consequences of non-compliance of rules, requires standards and legislation can be extreme like heavy penalties which can also include the state forcing the company to dissolve. The compliance in Australia is very strict and requires every business and company operative in Australia to be on a check as the penalties for non compliance are really huge. The basic legislations which require compliance in Australia are Consumer laws, Property laws, Sales of Goods Act and Intellectual property laws. Thus, in the present case, I run a seafood restaurant in Sydney with my family. Thus, the property in which the said restaurant is build is a property which I own in joint tenancy with my wife and the said property is held by me as a freehold estate (Ghanavati, Amyot and Peyton 2011). Under the Australian Property Law, property is divided into two parts which is real property and personal property. The real property is termed for all such property which is owned in the form of land or things attached to the land. However, personal property is property which one owns in the form of chattels and intangibles. Thus, it is evident that under the Australia Property law, property refers to the legal right more than owning a thing. I have legal interest in the property in which I have build my restaurant. Thus, the said means that I have completed and fulfilled all the legal formalities established by the statute and common law in Australia. Thus, having ownership over a land or property giv es one the authority to exercise all the legal rights available, thus as I own the said land under freehold estate as fee simple, it gives me exclusive right over the land which means I have most extensive legal interest in the said land (Bridge 2015). Owning a property in fee simple allows one to do as wished with the said land like sell, mortgage, lease, will or transfer the said interests. Moreover, the said property is owned by me in joint tenancy with my wife. Thus, according to the Australian Property Law, joint tenancy is termed to be a special kind of ownership where two or more people own the same property. Thus, the owners of the said property are called joint tenants and have equal share in the ownership along with an equal and undivided authority and right to either keep or dispose the property. Joint tenancy creates right of survivorship which means that if one of the co-owner dies, the remaining property passes on the surviving owner. This law makes it most ideal for c ouples to own a property in joint tenancy (MacDonald et al 2010). When it comes to running a seafood restaurant business in Sydney, one has to keep check about the consumer laws which are applicable in the said state of Australia. Many consumer laws will be attracted in case a restaurant is serving unsafe and unhealthy food (Shopping 2013). Thus, with the introduction of Australian Consumer Laws on 1 January 2011, a single statute for consumer proportion was created that applies to the whole of Australia. According to the Australian Consumer Laws, a consumer is an individual who acquires goods and services that either cost $40,000 or less or are acquired for household a domestic purposes. Section 29(1)(a)(b) of the Australian Consumer Law state that the standard and quality of all the goods and services rendered by a service provider needs to be of acceptable quality (Bradbrook et al 2011). Section 54 of the Australian Consumer Laws guarantees which states that a product which is supplies or a service which is rendered is automatically considered t o be of acceptable quality and failing to do the same, the violation attracts many penalties. I have recently decided to call our seafood restaurant as Good Catch. Thus, we wish to protect the name of our restaurant under the intellectual property laws in Australia. Any exclusive right which an individual acquires over any work or thought or name or logo which has been created by his intellectual idea or effort is allowed to be protected under the intellectual property laws (Solomon, Russell-Bennett and Previte 2012). Thus, I wish to protect the name and logo of my seafood restaurant as a protected and registered trade mark. Trade mark is a sign which is maintained to distinguish the goods and services provided by a particular manufacturer or service provider in the course of business and trade. The sign which are trademarked include letters, words, signatures, names, logos, labels, brands, tickets, etc. Trade mark can be obtained for things like color, packaging, size, shape and sound too. The usual practice is that business names and logos are protected as trademarks which require compulsory registration. In case, any individual infringe someones registered trademark, heavy penalties are attracted. Therefore, the compliance with consumer laws, intellectual property laws and property laws is very vital for the successfully running of any business. In case any of these laws are not complied with, the owner of the business suffers from penalties which affect the cost of the business and reduces profit margins. Thus, every business, irrespective of nature is required to comply with the statutory laws and statutes of Australia before incorporating a company or business in Australia. (2). In the present case, Manny and Bella, a married couple and are running a pizza business called the Perfect Domino Pizza since 2008. They felt the need of a new oven for their business and visited the showroom of Tuscan Ovens Pty. Ltd to purchase a new pizza oven. Both Manny and Bella asked the manager at Tuscan Ovens Pty. Ltd to provide them a pizza oven which is a heavy duty oven with cooking capacity of at least 30 pizzas every hour for sixteen continuous hours every day. The manager was told that if the oven did not satisfy the said need, many customers would be lost in peak hours. Thus, hearing the requirements the manager assures Manny and Bella that the new Tuscan XX commercial oven will satisfy their requirements. Thus, relying on the managers statement and recommendation, Manny and Bella purchased the said oven for $15,000. While, Manny and Bella were still awaiting their new oven, they advertised the same with a different name in their restaurant calling it MB Oven and not mentioning it as its real registered name which was Tuscan XX commercial oven. However, when the new oven was installed, Manny and Bella soon realized that the said oven can only cook 12 pizzas in an hour and its highly unreliable. Eventually, Manny and Bella also started losing money in their pizza business due to inefficient pizza oven. Thus, the issue in the said case is whether the Tuscan Ovens Pty. Ltd is liable for wrongfully selling the oven to Manny and Bella under consumer protection laws in Australia (Corones 2013). On 1 January 2011 the consumer laws in Australia were all made uniform under one single statute called the Australian Consumer Laws. . According to the Australian Consumer Laws, a consumer is an individual who acquires goods and services that either cost $40,000 or less or are acquired for household a domestic purposes. Section 18 found in schedule 2 of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 talks about misleading and deceptive conduct by a seller, retailer or a service provider (Farrington and Palfreyman 2012). Thus, the said section restricts and prohibits conduct by corporations in relation to trade and commerce which are misleading or deceptive or likely to be so. Thus, misrepresentation of facts, true facts that give wrong impression and failure to disclose material facts and information about the product or service sold attracts the said provision. In a famous case called Henjo Investments Pty Ltd v Collins Marrickville Pty Ltd, plaintiff brought a lease from defendant to run a restaurant which was illegally operative as it seated more people than licensed (Schwartz 2012). However, the plaintiff was allowed to believe that the said unlicensed seating is legal. However, the plaintiff realized the true nature of the license being illegal only after the lease agreement was completed. Thus, the judgment in the said case was in favor of plaintiff and the judge stated that misleading or deceptive conduct generally consists of representations, irrespective of the fact whether its expressed or by silence. In the said case, the plaintiff has to just prove that he relied on the said representation to close the agreement which was misleading and deceptive (Turconi et al 2011). Thus, keeping in mind the above discussed judgment, the manger of Tuscan Ovens Pty. Ltd needs to keep in mind that misleading and deceptive facts are in violation o f Competition and Consumer Act 2010 and the Courts never appreciate and duly punish the said conduct. Moreover, advertising which is misleading and deceptive is also covered under the section 18 of the Australian Consumer Laws. Any advertisement published by a manufacturer, retailer or a service provided which is untrue, misleading or gives wrongful impression and information about facts is also covered under section 18 of the Australian Consumer Laws. Thus, this makes it illegal to publish advertisements about goods and services which are not intended to be provided in the manner in which it is advertised (Crosbie and Glantz 2012). Thus, in the said case, Manny and Bella were willing to buy a heavy duty pizza oven which could make 30 pizzas at a time and work continuously for 16 hours in a day. On mentioning their said requirement to the manager of Tuscan Ovens Pty. Ltd, the manager introduced them to the new Tuscan XX commercial oven which was guaranteed by the manager to satisfy their requirements (Maskus 2012). However, after the said pizza oven was installed, Manny and Bella realized that the said pizza oven only cooked 12 pizzas at a time and was highly unreliable eventually leading to monetary and business loss in Manny and Bellas pizza business. Thus, Manny and Bella are entitled to sue the manager of Tuscan Ovens Pty. Ltd long with the said company for selling their product with a conduct which is misleading and deceptive in nature. Thus, the statement made by the manager of Tuscan Ovens Pty. Ltd that the oven sold to Manny and Bella could make 30 times at a time when it could just make 12 pizzas was mi sleading and deceptive in nature and violated the guarantee which customers have automatically after a statement is made that the said statement while negotiation should be satisfied with the goods sold (Kolivos and Kuperman 2012). Thus, the oven in the said case has an automatic guarantee which required it to make 30 pizzas at a time. The fact that it failed to do so makes the manager and the company selling the said oven liable under consumer protection laws in Australia. Reference List Bradbrook, A.J., MacCallum, S.V., Moore, A.P., Grattan, S. and Griggs, L.D., 2011. Australian property law: cases and materials. Bridge, M., 2015.Personal property law. OUP Oxford. Corones, S.G., 2013.The Australian Consumer Law. Thomson Reuters, Lawbook Co.. Crosbie, E. and Glantz, S.A., 2012. Tobacco industry argues domestic trademark laws and international treaties preclude cigarette health warning labels, despite consistent legal advice that the argument is invalid.Tobacco control, pp.tobaccocontrol-2012. El Kharbili, M., 2012, January. Business process regulatory compliance management solution frameworks: A comparative evaluation. 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The book opens with the bookmark panel and you will see the contents page/s. Click on this anytime to return to the contents. You can also add your own bookmarks., p.409. Schwartz, M.S., 2012. The state of business ethics in Israel: A light unto the nations?.Journal of business ethics,105(4), pp.429-446. Shopping, I.H., 2013. Consumer.Retailer, and Manufacturer Incentives to Participate in Electronic Marketplaces. Solomon, M., Russell-Bennett, R. and Previte, J., 2012.Consumer behaviour. Pearson Higher Education AU. Turconi, S., Rentocchini, G., Manchala, S., Khimasia, M., Glass, A., De Fanti, J. and Braken, R., 2011. Intellectual property protection: Problems and prospects for China. Vom Brocke, J. and Rosemann, M., 2010.Handbook on business process management. Heidelberg: Springer.